BEN ḤAYYIM (Goldmann), ZE'EV
- BEN ḤAYYIM (Goldmann), ZE'EV
- BEN ḤAYYIM (Goldmann), ZE'EV (1907– ),
Hebrew scholar and linguist. Born in Mościska, Galicia, he emigrated to
Palestine in 1931 and in 1934 became secretary of the Va'ad ha-Lashon.
In 1948 he was appointed lecturer (1955, professor) of Hebrew language
at the Hebrew University and in 1961 was elected vice president of the
academy of the hebrew language in Jerusalem and in December 1973
was appointed its president, succeeding the late Prof. Naphtali
Tur-Sinai .
Ben Ḥayyim specialized in the Samaritan Hebrew dialect, literature,
etc., on which he published Ivrit ve-Aramit Nusaḥ Shomeron
("The Literary and Oral Tradition of Hebrew and Aramaic among the
Samaritans," 5 vols., 1957–77; volume 5 was translated and slightly
updated as A Grammar of Samaritan Hebrew, 2000) and
Tevat Marka – Asuppat Midrashim Shomroniyyim,
1988. In these books, he discusses the evolution and historical
development of the Samaritan languages (Hebrew and Aramaic), starting
from their earliest literary sources through the linguistic tradition
preserved in the modern idioms. They contributed not only to the
recognition of these particular dialects, but also to the clarification
of important aspects of the history of the Hebrew and Aramaic languages
and their development.
In his pamphlet Lashon Attikah bi-Meẓi'ut Ḥadasha ("Ancient
Language in a New Reality," 1953) he deals with problems of the growth
and development of modern Hebrew as the living language in the State of
Israel. This article was republished along with most of his articles on
modern Hebrew during the long period of his activity at the Academy in
Be-Milhamtah shel Lashon, 1992. He was the editor of the
historical dictionary of the Hebrew language – one of the major projects
of the Academy. He also edited Hebrew dictionaries containing modern
Hebrew terms in the fields of mathematics, anatomy, technology, etc.,
and contributed articles to leading linguistic journals on problems of
Hebrew grammar and on the systems of Hebrew grammarians. Ben Ḥayyim was
the Encyclopaedia Judaica's divisional editor for Hebrew and
Semitic languages. He received the Israel Prize in 1964. A full list of
Ben Ḥayyim's works and scientific publications appeared in
Leshonenu (vol. 32, Tishri–Tevet 1967/68), the publication of
the Academy, edited by Ben Ḥayyim from 1955 to 1965; updated in
Leshonenu 65 (2003), 201–26 with an assessment of his
scientific achievements, ibid., p. 227–38.
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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